Nouns and pronouns

Nouns in Ŋarâþ Âlþor are not inflected for case.

Most nouns do not obligatorily mark number; however, a few nouns have suppletive plurals, such as þun person and t·êŋ people. For other nouns, there is an optional plural suffix: -cyân for people and -þe for non-people. Alternatively, nouns can take an optional generic suffix -reh, which causes a noun to refer to something in general or as a concept, similarly to Ŋarâþ Crîþ’s generic number.

Personal pronouns

Personal pronouns take a nominative–accusative alignment and also have weak and strong possessive forms. The two possessive forms are distinct in the singular number, but not in the dual and the plural.

For non-first-person pronouns, it is possible to use an honorific suffix:

This suffix is always applied on the nominative form. As a result, pronouns with honorific suffixes are no longer marked for case.

The plain form is used when speaking to an equal or an inferior, while the polite form is used when speaking to a superior (e.g. parents, teachers, government officials). The royal suffix is no longer in widespread use. Under the influence of Ŋarâþ Crîþ, the honorific suffixes are used less often in Sadun than in Âlþor.

Reflexive and reciprocal pronouns

There is a single reflexive pronoun, szh. Reduplicating it gives the reciprocal pronoun &szh.

The possessive form of szh is szi. The possessive form of &szh is szhszi.

Demonstrative and indefinite determiners and pro-forms